Information on the Computer-Based GED Test

Data on the Computer-Based GED Test In 2014, the GED Testing Service, the main authority attendant of the GED test in the United States, a division of the American Council on Education, changed over the authority GED test to a PC based form just because. In any case, understand that PC based isn't a similar thing as on the web. GED Testing Service expresses that the test is not, at this point an endpoint for grown-ups, but instead a springboard for additional instruction, preparing, and better-paying employments. The most recent form of the test has four evaluations: Education (perusing and writing)MathematicsScienceSocial Studies The scoring framework gives a profile of scores that incorporates an understudies qualities and regions of required improvement for every one of the four evaluations. This scoring framework offers non-customary understudies the chance to show occupation and school availability through a support that can be added to the GED certification. How the Change Came About For quite a long while, the GED Testing Service worked intimately with a wide range of training and profession specialists while rolling out the improvements it looked for. A portion of the gatherings associated with the exploration and choices: High schoolsTwo-and four-year schools and universitiesEmployersNational Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM)National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE)Adult instructors from around the countryNational Center for Improvement of Educational Assessment, Inc.Educational Policy Improvement Center at University of OregonEducation Division of ACTInstitute for Education Leadership and Policy Its simple to see that an elevated level of exploration went into the adjustments in the 2014 GED test. The appraisal targets depend on the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) in Texas and Virginia, just as profession preparation and school status principles. The entirety of the progressions depend on proof of adequacy. The main concern, the GED Testing Service states, is that a GED test-passer must stay serious with understudies who complete their secondary school accreditations in the conventional way. PCs Offer Variety in Testing Methods The change to PC based testing permitted the GED Testing Service to join diverse testing strategies unrealistic with paper and pencil. For instance, the Literacy Test incorporates text going from 400 to 900 words, and 6 to 8 inquiries in an assortment of configurations, including: Various decision itemsBrief short answer itemsSeveral various kinds of innovation upgraded itemsCloze things implanted in entries (different reaction alternatives that show up in a drop-down menu)One 45-minute expanded reaction thing Different open doors gave by PC based testing are the capacity to incorporate designs with problem areas, or sensors, a test-taker can tap on to give answers to an inquiry, simplified things, and split screens so the understudy can page through longer messages while keeping an exposition on the screen. Assets and Study Help The GED Testing Service gives archives and online courses to instructors the nation over to set them up for directing the GED test. Understudies approach programs planned not exclusively to set them up for the test yet to assist them with exceeding expectations at it. There is additionally a change arrange that supports and connections grown-ups with postsecondary instruction, preparing, and profession openings, giving them an opportunity to gain a manageable living compensation. Whats On the Computer-Based GED Test? The PC based GED test from GED Testing Service created in 2014 had four sections: Thinking Through Language Arts (RLA) (150 minutes)Mathematical Reasoning (90 minutes)Science (90 minutes)Social Studies (an hour and a half) Its value rehashing that while understudies step through the exam on a PC, the test isn't an online test. You should step through the examination at an authority GED testing office. You can discover the testing habitats for your area by means of state-by-state posting of grown-up training sites. There are seven kinds of test things on the test: Drag-and-dropDrop-downFill-in-the-blankHot spotMultiple decision (4 options)Extended reaction (Found in RLA and Social Studies. Understudies peruse and investigate an archive and compose a reaction utilizing proof from the document.)Short answer (Found in RLA and Science. Understudies compose a rundown or determination in the wake of perusing a book.) Test questions are accessible on the GED Testing Service site. The test is accessible in English and Spanish, and you can take each part up to multiple times in a one-year term.

Religious Law for Islam and Homosexuality - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about theReligious Law for Islam and Homosexuality. Answer: Homosexuality just as any demonstration of same-sex marriage is carefully disallowed by the Islam religion. In spite of the fact that Islam condemns homosexuality, its judgment of the equivalent is exceptionally pervasive. As it were, homosexuality isn't particularly referenced in any of the strict sacred writings of the Islam religion, and rather it is alluded to as the activities of the individuals of Lot, that alludes to Prophet Muhammads quote about denouncing the individuals of Lot for the demonstration of homosexuality. Same sex marriage is exceptionally condemnable according to the Islam Law since it is blamed for causing moral rot (Jaspal, 2016). The Islam sacred writings show three unmistakable explanations for the disapproval of homosexuality and same-sex relations. As a matter of first importance, same-sex marriage restricts and negates the awesome law of creation and ace creation. Besides, it vandalizes social establishments, for example, marriage, and finally, it additio nally urges individuals to disregard Gods direction throughout everyday life. The current paper plans to talk about and basically dissect the manner in which Islamic individuals see the idea of homosexuality, and assess the explanation for equivalent to well. The Islamic sacred texts firmly counsel its adherents that they should neither help nor ought to partake in any type of gay connection. Truth be told, note that the Islamic injurious methodology towards the issues of homosexuality and same sex marriage is plainly apparent in the terms it uses to portray this demonstration, which incorporates al-fahsha (which means an indecent demonstration), and shudhudh (which means variation from the norm). As a matter of first importance, express that the however procedure or way to deal with life of any individual or network is affected by the strict writings, ones religion requests that he buy in to. Appropriately, since Quran is the focal strict content of the Muslim individuals, it may be fascinating to note what the Quran shows the Islamic individuals homosexuality. The heavenly book of the Muslims portrays the story of Lut, whom God had rebuffed for rebellion and offense of the common law of the universe. The Quran plainly expresses that wha tever has been made known to man, has been made two by two. In this manner, the pair of a male and a female shows the way that one is constantly expected to supplement the other. The social foundation of marriage is viewed as a sacred organization in the Islamic religion, since it empowers reproduction, and it underwrites the normal state wherein everybody should live. The Quran plainly expresses that any individual enjoying gay desires ought to be rebuffed, however it doesn't carefully state what discipline is to be forced on that individual (Rahman, 2014). The idea of discipline ranges from detainment, whipping to capital punishment, contingent upon the prudence of the legal advisers, and disciplines are regular in nations like Iran and Saudi Arabia. Be that as it may, simultaneously, it is essential to make reference to here that the Islam religion likewise recognizes a people right to security and henceforth an individual is regularly saved discipline, and is disregarded to apol ogize, on the off chance that he has not executed the demonstration of homosexuality in broad daylight (Mahomed, 2013). The Quran contains numerous statements that emphatically censure the demonstrations of homosexuality, as apparent in the account of a city which was totally assaulted as a result of the downpour of fire once its inhabitants were found to have submitted gay acts with the detachments sent by God to the Prophet Lot. While attempting to comprehend the Islam religions perspective on homosexuality, it is imperative to comprehend the Shariah Law and its interpretation of marriage. As the Shariah Law is a necessary piece of the strict law of Islam. The Shariah law is basically a law, that principally frets about activities, as opposed to feelings. Thusly, it doesn't see marriage as anything over a social organization, in contrast to the vast majority of different religions. It doesn't append the need of adoration and friendship to marriage, and preferably regards it to be nothing increasingly over a minor agreement settled upon by both the gatherings. While the male party is required to offer money related security to his female accomplice, the last is relied upon to offer the previous restrictive sexual access, eventually encouraging multiplication. This type of understanding entered upon by the spouse and the wife is viewed as blessed and divine, and subsequently the infringement of this understand ing merits judgment, according to the Shariah Law. The Shariah Law likewise has another huge angle, as it additionally maintains that marriage has no space for want or tendency to enjoy, and along these lines if two individuals are occupied with connection or getting hitched out of sexual want, similar to the instance of same sex marriage, they ought to merit discipline (Rehman, 2015). There is no point denying the way that the Quran just as the Hadith have been vocal in denouncing any type of gay act, and accepts that it leads to the ethical destruction of general society. It is advantageous to note here that here are countless sections in Hadith, that call for brutal disciplines for any kind of gay action. In any case, simultaneously, it is essential to take note of how every one of these writings has denounced and opposed any example of butt-centric sex among men, and has not expressed much about the sentimental connection that may have existed among the individuals of same sex (McGee, 2016). Albeit the greater part of the strict sacred writings have prescribed solid discipline to the individuals blamed for gay acts, how far these disciplines have been applied, all things considered, situation in todays world is as yet sketchy. In any case, nations, for example, Turkey, or Jordan may not rebuff the liable in a thorough manner, lawful mistreatment is normal in ma ny pieces of Saudi Arabia. While attempting to comprehend same-sex marriage from the point of view of the Islam religion, comprehend that marriage is nothing sentimental or passionate for the Islam supporters. Or maybe, the Islamic sacred writings see marriage as a sort of trade happening between two gatherings, exclusively with the end goal of money related assurance and security, just as selective sexual and conceptive rights. Henceforth, the longing to interface with someone else, or to adore him, is infringement of the marriage understanding of the Islamic convention, and thus same-sex marriage that damages this celestial understanding isn't affirmed here. Love and a sentiment of friendship can create all the while, yet it ought not be the motivation behind why two individuals should get married. Albeit equivalent marriage is as of now sanctioned in numerous countries, including UK and Scotland, the equivalent sex marriage Muslim couples are not permitted access to the essential open offices, for example, training and medicinal services communities, social assistance organizations, nursing homes, halfway houses, and others. Much the same as Judaism, it ought to be noticed, the Islam religion likewise supports a strict view that is being imagined more as far as the maxim of law, instead of deciding the good and bad from a philanthropic perspective. Any sexual demonstration that doesn't include the demonstration of vaginal infiltration is viewed as illegal. There is no point re-expressing that since same sex marriage doesn't include entrance, t is precluded by the Islam Law, and is viewed as a sexual contact outside marriage. With the progression of time, individuals have gotten progressively autonomous while considering about significant choices of life, for example, relationship and marriage, and a significant number of them have additionally voiced solid dissent against the judgment of homosexuality. The Islamic interpretation of adoration and want is very extraordinary which obviously clarifies its unbending stand against homosexuality. Sentiments, for example, love are not of much significance in the Islamic religion, and activity is progressively significant here. On the off chance that the inclination as adoration here can be converted without hesitation, it is acceptable, or disaster will be imminent in the event that it is objected by God, the inclination ought to be deserted at that exact instant. On the off chance that any inclination constrains an individual to disregard the strict standards, at that point that feeling is accepted to be profoundly condemnable in Islam custom (Prothero, 2016). Subsequently, same-sex marriage or even the demonstration of claiming adoration to the individual of same sex is viewed as an infringement of strict laws. Additionally, it ought to be noticed that multiplication is one of the significant issues according to the Islamic Law, and consequently same sex marriage that forestalls the chance of proliferation and reproduction is viewed as a demonstration that has no future by any means. Marriage is a bond that is compensated with the kid, a nd marriage without reproduction has no an incentive by any means, as proposed in Shahih Muslim: O Messenger of Allah! When one of us satisfies his sexual want, will he be given a prize for that? And he stated, Do you not feel that would he say he were to follow up on it unlawfully, he would be erring? In like manner, in the event that he follows up on it legally he will be remunerated. (Schnabel Sevell, 2017). To finish up, it ought to be recollected that the vast majority of the nations have sanctioned homosexuality and same-sex marriage, putting the call for mankind on top. In any case, the Islamic nations despite everything preclude the equivalent and carefully rebuff the guilty parties. For instance, in Saudi Arabia, , gay men are captured and condemned to jail on charges connected to depravity - and confronted lashing or even capital punishment in Iran and Saudi Arabia. In Egypt, gays are oppressed legitimately for damaging open profound quality. Reference List: Jaspal, R. (2016). Islam and Homosexuality.The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality Studies. Mahomed, N. (2013). Islam and Homosexuality, Samar Habib (Ed.): book review.Journal for Islamic Studies,33(1), 235-239. McGee, R. W. (2016). Do Liberals have Different Views on Homosexuality than Conservatives? An Empirical Study of Opinion in the United States. Prothero, S. (2016).Why Liberals Win the Culture Wars (Even When They Lose Elections): A History of the Religious Battles That Define America from Jef

Sample of a Recommendation Letter

Sample of a Recommendation Letter When it comes to landing that dream job, good references go a long way in helping make it happen. Most employers don’t just want to hear from you how great you are, but also listen to what your friends, colleagues and past bosses think.You might have previously asked for a letter of recommendation, but have you had to write one? You certainly don’t want to make a mistake with it â€" your words can have a big impact. It would suck to know your recommendation letter didn’t help the person at all, wouldn’t it?But it’s time to take the stress out of the recommendation letter. In this guide, you’ll receive a sample of a recommendation to guarantee you know how to impress and help a job hunter land a dream role.Before we look at the sample, let’s take a quick peek at why a recommendation letter matters and the building blocks to a good recommendation letter. THE POWER OF A GOOD RECOMMENDATION LETTERYou might still be skeptical about the recommendation letter. After all, doesn’t it matter more what kind of resume the person sends and how well they do in the job interview? While you certainly can’t hire a horrible candidate based on a recommendation letter, you can find that the words convince you between two candidates. A good job recommendation letter can reinforce the hiring manager’s perception of the person and therefore, make it more likely they get a chance.You need to understand that a good recommendation letter is not just a collection of praise. It acts similarly to any other part of the job application process â€" it provides information on the candidate. Furthermore, this information is even more valuable because it comes from an external source. The person isn’t telling you his or her own opinion of those skills, but another person is reinforcing the things the candidate has mentioned. You are getting actual proof the candidate has the skills he or she claims to have.The recommendation letter sheds light on the candidate’s journey. The hiring manager can learn more about the candidate’s work or academic history and the kind of attitude he or she has â€" there’s a deeper look into the working culture of the person.As you can see, the recommendation letter can play a key role in introducing the candidate to the hiring manager. It’s especially valuable because the information is coming from someone who knows the person. We can all play our own trumpet, right? But will you get your colleagues, friends and bosses agree with you? That’s the power of a recommendation letter.THE KEY FEATURES OF A GOOD RECOMMENDATION LETTERSo, the recommendation letter matters. But what makes a recommendation letter stand out from the crowd? What makes it a great recommendation letter instead of just a good one?There are, essentially, three key features in a great recommendation letter:There is a strong link bet ween the person writing the letter and the candidate applying for the role.There has to be a connection and not just some random acquaintance. You can’t have a friend of a friend evaluate the candidate’s skills and characteristic â€" the hiring manager must get a proper sense of why you are the right person to talk about the candidate. Why is your information valid and valuable?You can show this connection by:Outlining the relationship.Explaining how long you’ve known the person.Here are a few good example sentences for you to draw inspiration from:It’s my pleasure to provide this letter of recommendation for Lauren Doe, whose team manager I used to be for four years at Company ZYX.I’m very pleased to recommend John Smith for the position of Accounts Manager for Company ZYX. As a fellow Junior Manager at Business YZX, I’ve worked alongside John for the past five years.It’s my pleasure to recommend my charity board member and dear friend, Jane Johnson, for the editor ro le at Company ZYX. I’ve known Jane for almost a decade and can attest to her strength of character and compassion for others.There is an explanation on the candidate’s fit for the particular role in the light of the candidate’s performance and behaviour in the role you known them for.Now, you must also talk about why the candidate is a good fit for the role. Just like the resume must be tailored according to what the employer is looking for, your recommendation letter must also consider this. It’s important to talk about the skills and qualifications that matter in this particular role.It’s also essential to avoid just listing those skills and saying the candidate has the capabilities. You must showcase the skills with real experiences in the past. For example, how the candidate showed his or her leadership during a tricky period at work when you were his or her manager. You want to link those skills to real life experience through the connection.Here are a few example sen tences you can use for ideas:Lauren graduated with honors in Teaching, always focused on becoming a science teacher one day. She showed this passion at university by leading my tutoring group for the whole duration of her studies. I believe John would be a great addition to the international marketing team at Company ZYX. When I worked with him at Business YXZ, he was able to attract numerous new clients from Asia â€" his immaculate language skills in Japanese certainly helped.Jane worked as my assistant for five years, helping me with scheduling and maintaining close client relations. I believe her skills are well-suited for the Client Manager role at Company ZYX.There are real examples of the candidate’s characteristics.Again, when you are painting a picture of the candidate, you want to use real examples. You don’t just want to say, “He is an honest worker”. You want to show why you are saying that â€" what has he done to prove you this aspect of himself? Instead of just listing characteristics and skills, you must show them.You can see how to do this with the example sentences below:Lauren showed her ability to quick thinking, by helping our organization sort out a booking disaster in July 2017. She was always up for the challenge and stayed calm under pressure.His ability to improve performance was clear when he won the top salesperson award for six months in a row. THE PURPOSE OF YOUR RECOMMENDATION LETTERNow, the above are the building blocks of a good recommendation letter. But as you could see from the variety of examples used, the purpose of the letter matters as well. The connection you have with the candidate and the reason for writing the letter will have an impact on the kind of language you should use, and the things you should mention.There are, essentially, three types of recommendation letters:The academic letter of recommendationThe professional letter of recommendationThe character/personal letter of recommendationThe academic lette r of recommendationThe academic letter of recommendation is often the go-to recommendation letter for graduates. The candidate probably doesn’t have a lot of job experience yet and therefore a tutor or a professor can provide the most in-depth information about the candidate. These can, of course, be highly useful for those pursuing an academic career â€" being recommended by someone who works in the same field can be highly beneficial.Professors, teachers, tutors and other school representatives write these letters. They focus on the relationship between the skills learnt at the academic environment and the characteristics the person showed during this time.Here are short examples of what might be said in an academic letter â€" especially in terms of the above three key features:I’m writing this letter for Lauren Doe, a student I was fortunate to work with during her undergraduate studies at University ZYX. As her academic advisor and the professor of International Law, I have witnessed her journey to a fantastic law graduate.  Lauren showed exceptional understanding of the field, as well as a passion for helping others. Therefore, I believe she would make a great candidate for the role of Charity Lawyer at Company XYZ.I’m writing this reference at the request of John Smith who is applying for the position of Science Teacher at ZYX.I’ve been John’s teacher for two years in my capacity as Physics Teacher at School 123. John was an exceptional student with strong academic record â€" he received the highest grades in all subjects. But John was also compassionate and always looking to help others. He worked under my supervision as a tutor, helping struggling students improve their marks.The professional letter of recommendationIn terms of most job applicants, the professional letter of recommendation is the most common. This is a letter from your work colleague, manager or boss. It’s perhaps the most adequate because it can reflect your previous work experience and work performance more in detail. The emphasis of this recommendation letter is on the work experience, work ethic and skills you’ve shown.This recommendation letter is useful in many situations, especially when moving from one role to another similar role. It’s also a good way of outlining the candidate’s approach to work and therefore, can be helpful even when the candidate is looking to change career paths.Here are some examples of what a professional letter of recommendation might say:I’m pleased to hear Lauren Doe has applied for the position of Junior Lawyer at Company XYZ. Lauren worked in a team I managed at Business ZYX from 2014 to 2016 and I found her a hardworking and efficient member of the team.She was highly motivated. Although she worked as an associate, she still helped our team to find new clients and act as the first point of reference to our senior clients.As John Smith’s teammate at Company ZYX for the past four years, I’ve witnessed hi s passion for sales and his ability to solve problems creatively.He would make a great Sales Manager at Business XYZ because he has always shown willingness to find new clients. We were in charge of negotiating a new contract and he took the great initiative at looking for suitable opportunities beyond our regional options.As a work colleague, he was always willing to help and offer support. I loved his easy-going attitude and the ability to make us all feel part of the team.The character/personal letter of recommendationNow, sometimes candidates might not have access to their previous professors or it’s not possible for them to seek a professional letter of recommendation. Especially for young people, having a friend recommend you might be the only option. This is possible through a character or personal recommendation letter. As the name suggests, the emphasis of the letter is on the character of the person.This is a lot less formal letter in the sense that you are probably not qualified to talk too much about the skills the person have since the connection is based on personal knowledge not academic or professional. However, a person’s character does matter â€" the way they approach problems and challenges in life can tell a lot about what they’d be like at work.The character letter of recommendation should be written by someone who knows the candidate well but isn’t professionally or academically directly in connection with them. It could, of course, be a school friend, a work colleague from a different department or a long-term friend. The key is that you are able to judge the person’s character â€" just don’t be related to them!Here are a few examples of the things a personal letter of recommendation could say:I have known Lauren Doe for ten years through various different roles. We’ve been on the board of a children’s charity together and she has worked in the same organization as I, at Company ZYX, albeit at a different department. Thro ugh the year’s I’ve seen what a capable and compassionate person she is.She was very detail-oriented during our time at the charity and I believe this would help her launching your startup XYZ. She is also a compassionate friend that is always looking to ensure the group of friends is having a good time â€" a great quality for someone working in customer service.I have known John Smith personally for over fifteen years and have always found him to be an organized and talented individual. His skills and character would make him perfect for the Sales role at Company ZYX.John was working for Business XYZ in a junior sales role when we met and I believe he was a highly regarded member of the team. Shortly, he received a promotion and enjoyed his time as a manager immensely. He is ambitious and always looking to improve his skills â€" I’ve attended numerous seminars with him, as I also work in sales at Startup XY.A TYPICAL SAMPLE OF A RECOMMENDATION LETTERWith all that in mind, wha t does a good recommendation letter look like? First, here is the format of a good recommendation letter:Contact detailsDateAppropriate salutationFirst paragraph:The reason for writingThe connection to the person and the reason you’re qualified to recommend themSecond paragraph:Information and examples of the person’s skills and characteristics and how they would fit the job roleExamples of how they could contribute in the specific role based on your experiences with the personThird paragraph/Concluding paragraph:Summary of the above pointsFurther contact detailsClosingSignatureYou can use the above template format, together with the examples above to create a strong recommendation letter. You want to make sure the language reflects the connection and your qualifications in those paragraphs so use the above examples to your advantage.Don’t keep blabbering on â€" you want to keep your letter brief. A single Word-page will be sufficient, as you can always offer the person the op portunity to discuss the matter further by phone or via email. However, you need to have at least three to four paragraphs â€" otherwise, it’ll look like you didn’t really put any effort into your recommendation letter.Make sure you know who to address the letter (the candidate should know this). If you don’t have any inkling of this, then you can address the letter with “To Whom It May Concern” â€" but it really should be the candidate’s job to find out who reads the job application.Here’s a sample of a basic recommendation letter:Ms Jane Smith Accounts Manager Company ZYX 123 High Street Big City, 123420 September 2017Dear Mr Johnson,  I met Lauren when she first started working at Company ZYX as Sales Representative six years ago. During that time, I spent four years as her manager before moving to my current role as Accounts Manager and I have known her to be enthusiastic and to possess a high expertise for sales.Lauren was an incredibly talented salesperson, incre asing the team’s sales by 10% during the first year. I believe she has a great quality to notice areas of improvement and she would, therefore, be a great asset to your new department. Lauren is always looking for the improvements â€" during her time at Company ZYX, she introduced two new working systems that helped us drive sales further.I believe she would make an excellent addition to your new team, as she has the ability to communicate her ideas clearly, make team members feel at ease and help solve problems. I included her in our conflict resolution team right from the start because of Lauren’s friendly approach to treating customers and clients.During my acquaintance with Lauren, I’ve found her hardworking, efficient and a fantastic member of a team. I would highly recommend her for the role of Sales Manager at Business XYZ.Please feel free to contact me at 123-456 if you want to discuss the topic further.Sincerely,Jane Smith Accounts Manager at Company ZYXTHE SECRET OF A GREAT RECOMMENDATION LETTERThe above examples and samples should help you create a great recommendation letter for a friend, a colleague, a student or other such acquaintance. You just need to focus on the main elements of a recommendation letter, which is to highlight the candidate’s performance and character. To emphasize their fit to the role through their past behavior and performance.Maintain a positive note but be truthful. Just as the candidate shouldn’t lie on their resume, neither should you in the recommendation letter. However, you will want to focus on the positives â€" if you don’t have anything positive to say, don’t agree to write the letter!

Recent Uses of DNA Technology Essays - 1020 Words

Recent Uses of DNA Technology DNA, Deoxyribonucleic Acid, is the basic structure for all life, it is the blueprint, the instruction manual, on how to build a living organism. DNA is made up of four nitrogen bases, adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine which are connected by sugar-phosphate bonds. Through a process called Protein Synthesis, the nitrogen bases are the code for the creation of amino acids. Essentially, DNA makes amino acids, amino acids make proteins, proteins make organisms. This process has been taking place for much longer than scientists have been able to document. Those scientists are called geneticists and their field is genetics. Genetics and the study of heredity began with Gregor Mendel, a monk that†¦show more content†¦After the spike in DNA discoveries and confirmations that could be compared to the 1849 California gold rush, scientists began to try to find other uses for DNA. Since then, DNA has been used for many things such as finding criminals and confirming paternity/maternity. Also DNA has been used to track diseases and problems that start at the molecular level. Three of the newer advances in DNA technology are DNA Fingerprinting, Recombinant DNA (rDNA) and Paternity/Maternity Tests. DNA Fingerprinting, also known as DNA Profiling, is a method used to identify a person using DNA patterns that are specific to him/her. 99.9% of DNA is identical in every human being, but .01% is enough to distinguish between people. It is most commonly used in criminal cases to link a criminal to his/her crime scene, but is also used for paternity/maternity tests, and immigration records. Usually a skin, hair, or body fluid sample is collected from a crime scene or criminal or test candidate, then DNA is extracted and cut using enzymes that recognize patterns in DNA and run through a gel by an electric current in a process called electrophoresis (Annely). DNA fingerprinting was discovered by Professor Sir Alec Jeffreys from the Univer sity of Leicster. After spending time studying molecular biology in Amsterdam with Dick Flavell, Jeffreys moved to the university and set out to â€Å"marry the newShow MoreRelatedRecent Developments In Gene Editing, Concerning The Modification1447 Words   |  6 PagesRecent developments in gene editing, concerning the modification of embryonic cells and its’ usefulness since the discovery of iPS cells Abstract This essay addresses the question â€Å"In light of the recent developments with iPS cells, is the genetic modification of human embryos justified?†. New gene editing software CRISPR has created cheaper and more accurate modification, making the editing of an embryo a possibility. There are concerns about this advancementRead MoreThe Importance of Dna Evidence1575 Words   |  7 PagesThe Importance of DNA Evidence What is DNA? 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Social Engineering Is A Powerful Tool Used By Cyber Criminals

Social Engineering It is the manipulation of people through deception, lies, fabricated story and tricks. They influence and persuade people to obtain information with or without the use of technology. Social engineering is a powerful tool used by cyber criminals’ especially on seniors because of their level of trust. They aim at collecting your confidential information and later use it against you. Password, Account number – credit card, debit cards, employee ID, and full name, date of birth, email address, social insurance number, driver license number and telephone numbers are normally collected Knowing the person you are dealing with, and the tactics they use is important to overcome them, that is why user awareness and education is†¦show more content†¦Protection against Social Engineering †¢ Never give confidential information through emails, phones or to unknown person †¢ Don’t click on a website unknown to you or download or open email attachment from unknown senders. †¢ Before clicking on links in emails and on websites watch for misspellings, @ signs and suspicious domain names. †¢ Make it a habit to periodically check your bank statement to see if they are anomalies or fraudulent transactions. †¢ Use a strong password and personal verification questions. †¢ Reject requests for online tech support from strangers no matter how legitimate they may appear †¢ Avoid being greedy on the web for offers you have not made or responding to any offers made over the phone or via text messages. †¢ Pay attention to website URL. Sometimes online fraudsters make slight changes to URLs in order to direct messages to their own spoofed sites †¢ Secure your computer with anti-virus software and regularly update software and operating systems †¢ Verify that a lock icon is on your browser address bar when submitting payment or confidential information. †¢ Always shred and/or destroy prior to disposal sensitive and confidential information you do not need. †¢ Be suspicious of unsolicited emails †¢ Be cautious in situations where a party refuses to provide basic contact information †¢ Verify incoming checks and ensure clearance prior to transferring any money by wire †¢ Establish call-back procedures to clients and vendorsShow MoreRelatedSocial Engineering Is A Powerful Tool Used By Cyber Criminals1767 Words   |  8 Pagesinfluence and persuade people to obtain information with or without the use of technology. 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How Nursing was before and How Nursing is Today free essay sample

? Nursing Theory: How Nursing was before and How Nursing is Today Abstract Nursing has been and will continue to evolve with new theories related to patients, nurses, education, and science. The past and present research and ideas of nursing theorists impact the science of nursing and the standards of the nursing profession. Core components of nursing have resulted from the development of different nursing theories developed over the years which have contributed to guiding the clinical aspect of nursing into what it is today. Virginia Henderson and Dorothea Orem are both nursing theorists who developed theories that have essentially shaped the foundation of nursing as one had a hand in the development of nursing while the latter contributed to the ultimate shaping of nursing in general. This paper will compare Virginia Henderson’s Nursing Needs-Based Theory against Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory. The Theory of Need was developed by Virginia Henderson and was derived from her education and nursing practice. â€Å"Henderson’s goal was not to develop a theory of nursing, but rather to define the unique focus of nursing practice† (nursingtheory.org, 2013). Virginia Henderson’s theory played a very important role in the development of modern nursing. â€Å"Her contributions, especially to evidence based practiced nursing are considered so important that Sigma Theta Tau International Library has been named in her honor† (Jacqueline Longe, 2006). Henderson believed â€Å"that the nurse should help the individual achieve independence as much as possible, and that the nurse should take a patient-centered approach to nursing to be based in evidence and research. She also believed that a nurse should be considered an independent member of the total healthcare team and that the nurse should only perform nursing functions, neither performing the diagnosis, prescription, and prognosis functions of a physician or any tasks such as serving food and cleaning that were not directly related to helping the patient with the 14 basic nursing functions† (Jacqueline Longe, 2006). Henderson’s believed that her created functions list was an essential part of basic nursing care. The nurse should help the patientperform some essential functions such as eating and drinking, breathing, communicating, participating in recreation, worshiping, avoiding danger or hurting others, and keeping clean. Once these basic needs were met and the patient was â€Å"able to perform all the functions by themselves, then the patient would be considered independent and no longer require the aid of a nurse† (nursing-theory. org 2013). Virginia Henderson also b elieved that it was important that nursing be based on evidence and research as it was a critical component of improving nursing research. Henderson had a strong belief that all nursing staff should have access to literature on nursing and current nursing research to help better their practices† (www. nursing-theory. org, 2013). There were three major assumptions that Henderson listed in her model of nursing assumptions: â€Å"Nurses care for the patient until the patient can care for themselves, nurses are willing to serve, and that the nurse, devote themselves day and night to the patient, and the nurses should be educated at the college level in both sciences and art† (nursing-theory.org, 2013). Another great theorist, Dorthea Orem, created the Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory with the assumed philosophy that patients have a desire to be more independent and would want to take care of their own needs thus helping them recover more that patients want to care for themselves and can recover more rapidly and holistically by being as independent as possible. The self- care components identified by Orem can be categorized into one of three categories: Maturational: progresses the patient to a higher level of maturation Situational: prevents against harmful effects in development Deviation requisites: needs that come up based on patients condition If the patient is unsuccessful in sustaining his or her self-care needs as indicated, then a self-care deficit is identified for the patient and the nurse can intervene â€Å"with a varying level of support that can range from complete care, partial care, or simply educating the individual† (currentnursing. com, 2013). Compare and Analyze the Common Core Concept The commonality between the theories of Virginia Henderson and Dorthea Orem is their attempt to define the role of nursing. Henderson definition of nursing is â€Å"the unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge (nursing-theory. org, 2013). The Self Care Theory developed as a result of Dorthea Orem working toward her goal of improving the quality of nursing in general hospitals in her state. The theory is relatively simple, but generalizable, to apply to a wide variety of patients â€Å"(nursing-theory. org, 2013). Concept Statement Henderson believed that the function of the nurse is to help the patient, whether healthy or ill, in all basic functioning activities that contribute to the patients health status thus leading to either a rapid recovery or peaceful death. She further believed that this assistance by the nurse would prompt the patient to â€Å"perform unaided given the necessary strength, will or knowledge, and to do this in such a way as to help the individual gain independence as rapidly as possible† (Henderson, 1966). Metaparadigms The major concepts of Virginia Henderson’s Need Theory relate to the metaparadigm nursing, health, patient and environment. Person Individual patient or client is a whole, complete, and independent (nursing-theorist, 2011) Mind and body are inseparable (nursing-theorist, 2011). Patient will require assistance to achieve health and independence or peace at death (nursing-theorist, 2011) Health Basic form of functioning (nursing-theorist, 2011). Promotion of health is more important than care of sick (nursing-theorist, 2011). The quality of health rather than life itself, that margin of mental physical allows a person to work most effectively (nursing-theorist, 2011). Environment Illness or disease has the potential to interfere with a nurse’s ability to exert control over the environment. When possible, the nurse is to alter the environment in such a way as to support the patient 7 essentials in the environment: light, temperature, air movement, atmospheric pressure, appropriate disposal of waste, minimal quantities of injurious chemicals, and cleanliness of surfaces and furnishings in contact with the individual (nursing-theorist, 2011) Nursing To describe the care that any person requires no matter what the physician diagnosis and prescribed therapy (nursing-theorist, 2011). The nurse’s basic care is the same wheter the patient is considered physically or mentally ill (nursing-theorist, 2011). Care must empower the patient to become self- sufficient as soon as possible (nursing-theorist, 2011). Philosophy The philosophy of Henderson outlines an â€Å"integrated approach to scientific study that would capitalize on nursings richness and complexity, and not to separate the art from the science, the doing of nursing from the knowing, the psychological from the physical and the theory from clinical care† (vhenderson2011blogspot. com). Conceptual Model Henderson’s conceptual model of nursing supported a humanistic approach by giving emphasis to the taking care of the sickly, the dying, and the individuals incapable of caring for themselves. It put more stress on the actions of the nurses and the type of patients that should be cared for by nurses and therefore should belong to the â€Å"reciprocal interaction world view category. The functions of nurses were to give intimate care to people who cannot function effectively on their own . It also emphasized that nurses be thought the skills and knowledge that would enable them to help their patients. The model also stressed that as soon as the patients are able nurses should be able to assist them in their recovery and if not to care for them in regaining their dignity and basic functioning† (vhenderson2011blogspot.com). Conclusion Through literature, it is evident that the exact role and nature of nursing is not easily defined and the theories developed by Virginia Henderson and Dorothea Orem solidified this concept. Virginia Henderson’s Needs Theory detailed that there were steps to be assumed in the promoting and sustaining of a patient’s health whi le Orem’s Self-Care theory indicated the role of a patient in caring for his or her health as well as the component that nursing contributes to encouraging the facilitation of patient self-care. And although nursing is very multi-faceted and complex, theorists and nurses alike agree that it is an exhilarating profession that is rich in practice and theory. As nurses, it is important that we continue to develop, expand, and contribute to the concepts and ideas that reinforce the core concepts of nursing. References Dorthea Orems Theory. (2013). Retrieved from Currentnursing. com: www. currentnursing. com/nursing_theory/self_care_deficit_theory. html Henderson vs.The Nature of Nursing: A definition and its Implications, Practice, Research, and Education. (1966). New Yrok: McMillion Company. Nursing Theorist: Virginia Henderson. (2011). Retrieved from www. vhenderson2011. blogspot. com/p/major-concepts Virginia Hendersons Need Theory. (2013). Retrieved from Currentnursing. com: www. currentnursing. com/nursing_theory/Henderson. html Henderson Theory of Nursing: The Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing Allied Health: Ed Jacqueline, L. Longe. Vol. 2. 2nd ed. Detroit: Gale, 2006 (1280-12 81)